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Matthew M. Davis, M.D., M.A.P.P.Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases
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Biography
Matthew M. Davis, M.D., M.A.P.P., is Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Associate Professor of Internal Medicine at the University of Michigan Health System and Associate Professor of Public Policy at the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy, University of Michigan. Dr. Davis earned his M.D. cum laude from Harvard Medical School and trained in pediatrics and internal medicine at the Children's Hospital and Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston. He trained in public policy and health services research as a Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholar and Irving Harris Child Policy Fellow at the University of Chicago.
Dr. Davis joined the faculty at University of Michigan in 2000. His current work research focuses on 3 major areas of child and family health policy, including vaccines and vaccine financing, government health programs and regulation, and characterization of public attitudes and opinions about child health and health policy. Dr. Davis is the founding Director of the C.S. Mott Children's Hospital National Poll on Children's Health and the National Voices Project. He also serves as Director of the Fellowship in Pediatric Health Services Research in the CHEAR Unit and Co-Director of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholars Program at the University of Michigan. He has been recognized with research and teaching awards at U-M and is also the recipient of the national Nemours Child Health Services Research Award in 2007.
Education
M.A.P.P., Public Policy, University of Chicago Harris School of Public Policy, 2000
M.D., Harvard Medical School, 1994
B.A., Swarthmore College, 1989
Peer-Reviewed Publications
The factors associated with high-quality communication for critically ill children.
Pediatrics. 2013;131:S90-S95.
Accuracy of hospital administrative data in reporting central line-associated bloodstream infections in newborns.
Pediatrics. 2013;131:S75-S80.
Methods of mortality risk adjustment in the NICU: a 20-year review.
Pediatrics. 2013;131:S68-S74.
Design of a model to predict surge capacity bottlenecks for burn mass casualties at a large academic medical center.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2013;28:1-10.
Medical home quality and readmission risk for children hospitalized with acute asthma exacerbations.
Pediatrics. 2013;131:64-70.
Fidelity of administrative data when researching Down syndrome.
Medical Care. 2013 Jan 25. [epub ahead of print]
Public participation in medical research in the era of clinical and translational research.
Clin Translat Res. 14 Jan 2013. DOI: 10.1111/cts.12019. [epub ahead of print]
The influence of procedure delay on resource utilization: a national study of patients with open tibial fracture.
Plast Reconst Surg. [epub ahead of print: 8 November 2012. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e31827c6efc].
Disparate patterns of prenatal care utilization stratified by medical and psychosocial risk.
Matern Child Health J. DOI 10.1007/s10995-012-1040-9. [epub ahead of print]
The VALUE framework: training residents to provide value-based care for their patients.
Jour Gen Intern Med. 2012;27:1210-1214.
Variation in lumbar punctures for early onset neonatal sepsis: a nationally representative serial cross-sectional analysis, 2003-2009.
BMC Pediatrics. 2012:12:134. Available at: http://www.biomedcentral.com/content/pdf/1471-2431-12-134.pdf.
Relationship between timing of emergency procedures and limb amputation in patients with open tibia fracture in the United States, 2003 to 2009.
Plast Reconst Surg. 2012;130:369-378.
Health care in adults with Down syndrome: a longitudinal cohort study.
Jour Intell Disability Res. 2012. DOI 10.111/j.1365-2788.2012.01589.x.
CHIAS: a standardized measure of parental HPV immunization attitudes and beliefs and its associations with vaccine uptake.
Sexual Transmit Dis. 2012:39:475-481.
Increase in federal match associated with significant gains in coverage for children through Medicaid and SCHIP.
Health Affairs. 2012;31:1796-1802.
Size of clinical trials and introductory prices of prophylactic vaccine series.
Human Vaccines Immunotherapeutics. 2012;8:1066-1070.
Carpooling and booster seats: a national survey of parents.
Pediatrics. 2012;129:290-298.
Underinsurance for recently recommended vaccines in private health plans.
Jour Community Health. Published online: DOI 10.1007/s10900-012-9567-7.
Mandatory influenza vaccination programs for health care personnel in NACHRI-associated children‘s hospitals vs. non-children‘s hospitals.
Human Vaccines Immunotherapeutics. 2012;8:731-735.
Neonatal abstinence syndrome and associated health care expenditures.
JAMA. 2012;307:1934-1940.
Primary care for adults with Down syndrome: adherence to preventive healthcare recommendations.
Jour Intell Disability Res. 2012. [Epub ahead of print] doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2012.01545.x.
Medical home disparities for children by insurance type and state of residence.
Matern Child Health Jour. [Epub ahead of print] DOI 10.1007/s10995-012-1008-9.
The voices of limited English proficiency Latina mothers on pediatric primary care: lessons for the medical home.
Matern Child Health J. 2012 Feb 15. [Epub ahead of print]
Effect of a mass casualty incident: clinical outcomes and hospital charges for casualty patients versus concurrent inpatients.
Acad Emerg Med. 2012;19:280-286.
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010: impact on otolaryngology practice and research.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2012 Jan 26. [Epub ahead of print]
Impact of psychiatric diagnoses on hospital length of stay in children with sickle cell anemia.
Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2012;58:239-243.
Hospitalizations for intussusception before and after re-introduction of rotavirus vaccine in the United States.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2012;166:350-355.
Intracranial pressure monitoring in childhood meningitis with coma: a national survey of neurosurgeons in the United States.
Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2011;12:e350-356.
Relationship of therapeutic cancer vaccine development to population disease burden and five-year survival.
Human Vaccines. 2011;7:1124-1129.
Failure-to-success ratios, transition probabilities and phase lengths for prophylactic vaccines versus other pharmaceuticals in the development pipeline.
Vaccine. 2011;29:9414-9416.
Alternative vaccination schedule preferences among parents of young children.
Pediatrics. Nov 2011;128(5):848-856.
Equality in quality in the era of the Affordable Care Act.
JAMA. 2011;306:872-873.
Medical home disparities between children with public and private insurance.
Academic Peds. 2011;11:305-310.
OB CARES – The obstetric clinics and resources study: providers' perceptions of addressing perinatal depression—a qualitative study.
Gen Hosp Psych. 2011;33:267-278.
Parental health literacy and asthma education delivery during a visit to a community-based pediatric emergency department: a pilot study.
Pediatr Emerg Care. 2011;27:469-474.
Inpatient health care utilization for children dependent on long-term mechanical ventilation – United States, 2000-2006.
Pediatrics. 2011;127:e1533-e1541.
Lengthened pre-delivery stay and antepartum complications in women with depressive symptoms during pregnancy.
Jour Women’s Health. 2011;20:953-962.
Sources and perceived credibility of vaccine safety information for parents.
Pediatrics. 2011;127(supp1):S107-S112.
Fathers' depression related to positive and negative parenting behaviors with one-year-old children.
Pediatrics. 2011;127:612-618.
Parental preferences for FDA-approved medications prescribed for their children.
Clin Pediatr. 2011;50:208-214.
Valuing health at different ages: evidence from a nationally representative survey in the US.
Applied Health Economics & Health Policy. 2011;9:149-156.
Advancing medical education by teaching health policy.
N Engl Jour Med. 2011;364:695-697.
Trends in hospitalizations for diabetes over the life course.
Jour Women’s Health. 2010 Oct 12. [Epub ahead of print].
High turnover stays for pediatric asthma in the United States: analysis of the 2006 Kids' Inpatient Database.
Med Care. 2010;48:827-833.
Physicians' perspectives on referring obese adolescents to pediatric multidisciplinary weight management programs.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2010;49:871-875.
Comorbid illnesses among critically ill hospitalized children: impact on hospital resource use and mortality, 1997-2006.
Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2010;11:457-463.
Hospitals during recession and recovery: vulnerable institutions and quality at risk.
Jour Hosp Med. 2010;5:302-305.
Peripartum length of stay for women with depressive symptoms during pregnancy.
Jour Women’s Health. 2010;19:31-37.
Not without my permission: parents’ willingness to permit use of newborn screening samples for research.
Public Health Genomics. 2010;13:125-130.
Perspectives and preferences regarding physician selection and board certification among the general public.
J Pediatr. 2010;156;841-845.
Pediatric observation units in the United States: a systematic review.
Jour Hosp Med. 2010;5:172-182.
Parental vaccine safety concerns in 2009.
Pediatrics. 2010;125:654-659.
A comparison of in-hospital mortality risk conferred by high hospital occupancy, differences in nurse staffing levels, weekend admission, and seasonal influenza.Medical Care. 2010;48:224-232.
Risk factors for depressive symptoms during pregnancy: a systematic review.
Amer Jour Obstet Gyn. 2010;5-14.
The expanding vaccine development pipeline, 1995-2008.
Vaccine. 2010;28:1353-1356.
Trends in medical expulsive therapy use for urinary stone disease in U.S. emergency departments.
Urology. 2009;74:1206-1210.
Waist circumference percentile thresholds for identifying adolescents with insulin resistance in clinical practice.
Pediatric Diabetes. 2009;10:336-342.
Feasibility and acceptability of a one-page tool to help physicians assess and discuss obesity with parents of preschoolers.
Clin Pediatr. 2009;48:954-959.
Getting heavier, younger: trajectories of obesity over the life course.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2010 Apr;34(4):614-23.
Depressive symptoms in non-resident African American fathers and involvement with their sons.
Pediatrics. 2009;124:1611-1618.
Children’s roles in parents’ diabetes self-management.
Amer Jour Prev Med. 2009;37(6S1):S251-S261.
Adolescent preventive healthcare: what do parents want?
J Pediatr. 2009;155:689-694.
Formulary coverage for antihypertensive drugs used in children.
Am J Pharm Benefits. 2009;1:145-149.
Parents’ views on three shot-related visits: Implications for use of adolescent vaccines like human papillomavirus vaccine.
Acad Pediatrics. 2009;9:348-352.
Medical student perceptions of education in health care systems.
Acad Med. 2009;84:1301-1306.
Parents’ interest in predictive genetic testing for their children when a disease has no effective treatment.
Pediatrics. 2009;124:e432-e438.
Poor performance of body mass index as a marker for hypercholesterolemia in children and adolescents.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009;163:716-723.
Formulary coverage for lipid-lowering drugs recommended for children.
Clinical Pediatrics. 2009;48:609-613.
Unintended vaccination of pregnant adolescents: Estimating the scope of the problem and the impact of different pregnancy testing strategies.
Vaccine. 2009;27:3536-3543.
Hospital utilization and charges among children with influenza, 2003.
Amer J Prev Med. 2009;36:292-296.
Interhospital transfer of critically ill and injured children: an evaluation of transfer patterns, resource utilization, and clinical outcomes.
J Hosp Med. 2009;4:164-170.
Persistent gap of incremental charges for obesity as a secondary diagnosis in common pediatric hospitalizations.
J Hosp Med. 2009;4:149-156.
Trends in high-turnover stays among children hospitalized in the United States – 1993-2003.
Pediatrics. 2009;123:996-1002.
Medical management of children with primary hypertension by pediatric subspecialists.
Pediatr Nephrol. 2009;24:147-153.
Usual source of care and unmet need among vulnerable children: 1998-2006.
Pediatrics. 2009;123:e214-e219.
Comfort of general internists and general pediatricians in providing care for young adults with chronic illnesses of childhood.
J Gen Intern Med. 2008;23:1621-1627.
Preventive care utilization among children with and without special health care needs: associations with unmet need.
Ambul Pediatr. 2008;8:305-311.
Health insurance and access to care among welfare leavers.
Inquiry. 2008;45:184-197.
Herpes zoster-related hospitalizations and expenditures before and after introduction of varicella vaccine in the United States.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2008;29:1157-1163.
Relative associations of parental and grandparental obesity with risk of childhood overweight: implications for primary care practice.
J Am Board Fam Med. 2008;21:549-554.
Strangers in a strange land: health care experiences for recent Latino immigrants in Midwest communities.
J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2008;19:1350-1367.
Parental concerns about genetic disease risk: the effects of family history and genetic test results.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;162:1079-1083.
Differences in end-of-life hospital care for children associated with age, transfer status, and insurance coverage for children.
J Hosp Med. 2008;3(5):376-83.
When adults with diabetes attempt to drink less soda: resulting adult-child interactions and household changes.
J Natl Med Assoc. 2008;100:1004-1011.
The role of economic information in decision-making by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices.
Vaccine. 2008;26:5389-5392.
Increases in Medicare prescription drug plan costs attributable to psychotropic medications.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2008;16:674-685.
Vaccinating high-risk non-elderly adults against influenza: a national survey of subspecialists.
Human Vaccines. 2008;4:229-233.
Physicians’ perspectives on increasing the use of BMI charts for young children.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2008;47:573-577.
The geographic distribution of childhood diabetes and obesity to the supply of pediatric endocrinologists in the US.
J Pediatr. 2008;152;331-336.
National trends in adolescent bariatric surgical procedures and implications for surgical centers of excellence.
Bull Am Coll Surg. 2008;206:1-12.
Do outcomes vary according to the source of admission to the pediatric intensive care unit?
Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2008;9:20-25.
What about the children? The experience of families involved in an adult-focused diabetes intervention.
Public Health Nutr. 2007; published online, available here.
Discussion of illness during well-child visits with parents of children with and without special health care needs.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007;161:1170-1175.
Recommendations for prevention of childhood obesity.
Pediatrics. 2007;120:S229-S253.
Trends in hospitalizations for diabetes among children and young adults – United States, 1993-2004.
Diabetes Care. 2007;30:3035-3039.
State and national estimates of insurance coverage and health care utilization for adolescents with chronic conditions from the National Survey of Children’s Health Survey, 2003.
J Adolesc Health. 2007;41:343-349.
Inpatient hospital charges associated with obesity as a secondary diagnosis in children.
Obesity. 2007;15:1895-1901.
Off-label utilization of antihypertensive medications in children.
Ambul Pediatr. 2007;7:299-303.
New combined tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccines for adults: primary care physician attitudes and preferences.
Hum Vaccin. 2007; published online, available at: http://www.landesbioscience.com/journals/vaccines/abstract.php?id=4307.
Conflicting measures of hospital quality: ratings from ‘Hospital Compare’ versus ‘Best Hospitals.’
J Hosp Med. 2007;2:128-134.
Maternal perspectives on growth and nutrition counseling provided at preschool well-child visits.
J Natl Med Assoc. 2007;99:153-158.
Threshold of evaluation for short stature in a pediatric specialty clinic: differences between boys versus girls?
J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2007; 20:21-26.
Physician attitudes regarding breakthrough varicella disease and a potential second dose of varicella vaccine.
Pediatrics. 2007;119:258-264.
Variation in estimated Medicare prescription drug plan costs and affordability for beneficiaries living in different states.
J Gen Intern Med. 2007;22:257-263.
Adult fat intake associated with the presence of children in households: findings from NHANES III.
J Am Board Fam Med. 2007;20:9-15.
Overcoming barriers to adherence to HPV vaccination recommendations.
Am J Manag Care. 2006;12:S484-S491.
Physician perspectives to inform a new meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) recommendation.
J Adolesc Health. 2006;39:850-855.
Characteristics and outcomes of inter-hospital transfers from Level II to Level I pediatric intensive care units.
Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2006;7:536-540.
Attitudes of U.S. obstetricians toward a combined tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccine for adults.
Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol. 2006;2006:1-5.
Prevalence and determinants of insulin resistance among U.S. adolescents: a population based study.
Diabetes Care. 2006;29:2427–2432.
Inpatient health care utilization among adult survivors of chronic childhood illnesses in the United States.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;160:1054-1060.
Bullying behaviors and children with special health care needs in a national sample.
Pediatrics. 2006;118:1212-1219.
Influenza vaccination as secondary prevention for cardiovascular disease.
Circulation. 2006;114:1549-1553.
Potential for improving influenza vaccination rates among children with asthma.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;160:966-971.
Health conditions and health care utilization among children with and without autism: National Survey of Children’s Health.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;160:825-830.
Falling into the doughnut hole: drug spending among beneficiaries with end-stage renal disease under Medicare Part D plans.
Am J Nephrol. 2006; 17:2546-2553.
Physicians’ attitudes and practices regarding adherence to medical regimens by patients with chronic illness.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2006;45:439-45.
Physician attitudes and preferences regarding new combined tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccines for adolescents in the United States.
Amer J Prev Med. 2006;31:176-180.
Will coverage for child and adolescent immunizations be mandated in insurance plans in 2006? Lessons learned from the Newborns and Mothers Health Protection Act of 1996.
Pediatrics. 2006;118:388-392.
Variation in the use of intracranial pressure monitoring and mortality in critically ill children with meningitis in the United States.
Pediatrics. 2006;117:1893-1900.
Trends in diabetes mellitus among privately insured children, 1998-2002.
Ambul Pediatr. 2006;6:178-181.
Factors associated with chronic conditions among children in foster care.
J Health Care Poor Underserved. 2006;17:328-341.
Influenza vaccination status and influenza-related attitudes and practices among US physicians.
Am J Infect Control. 2006;34:164-169.
Successes and remaining challenges after 10 years of varicella vaccination in the United States.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2006;5:295-302.
States’ emergency orders regarding the 2004-05 influenza vaccine shortage.
Hum Vaccin. 2006;2:34-37.
Could a federal program promoting influenza vaccination among elders be cost-effective?
Prev Med. 2006;42:240-246.
Estimated cost-effectiveness of growth hormone therapy for idiopathic short stature.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;160:263-269.
FDA labeling status of pediatric medications.
Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2006;45:75-78.
National trends in bariatric surgery, 1996-2002.
Arch Surg. 2006;141:71-74.
Growth, development and failure to thrive: Factors that underlie the availability of pediatric critical care facilities in the United States.
Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2006;7:70-73.
Improving delivery of influenza vaccine to nonelderly persons with cardiovascular disease, with and without sufficient national supply of vaccine: a decision analysis.
Hum Vaccin. 2005;1:217-223.
Factors associated with non-attendance at pediatric subspecialty asthma clinics.
J Asthma. 2005;42:555-559.
The relationship between the location of pediatric intensive care unit facilities and child death from trauma: a county-level ecologic study.
J Pediatr. 2005;147:74-77.
Provider response to different formats of the adult immunization schedule.
Am J Prev Med. 2005;29:34-40.
Coverage of vaccines in private health plans: what does the public prefer?
Health Aff. 2005;24:770-779.
Association of daycare and school entry vaccination requirements with varicella immunization rates.
Vaccine. 2005;23:3053-3060.
Hospital decision-making regarding the smallpox pre-event vaccination program.
Biosecur Bioterr. 2005;3:23-30.
A national survey of the distribution of pediatric critical care resources in the United States.
Pediatrics. 2005;115:382-386.
Decline in varicella-related hospitalizations and expenditures for children and adults after introduction of varicella vaccine in the United States.
Pediatrics. 2004;114:786-792.
Factors associated with variations in parental social support in primary care pediatric settings.
Ambul Pediatr. 2004;4:316-322.
State legislator gender and other characteristics associated with sponsorship of child health bills.
Ambul Pediatr. 2004;4:295-302.
Rates of maternal depression in pediatric emergency department and relationship to child service utilization.
Gen Hosp Psychiatry. 2004;26:316-322.
When insurance status isn’t static: insurance transitions for low-income children and implications for health and health care.
Ambul Pediatr. 2004;4:237-243.
Emergency department use among Michigan children with special health care needs: an introductory study.
Health Serv Res. 2004;39:665-692.
Availability of influenza vaccine among medical subspecialty practices: a national survey.
Am J Prev Med. 2004;26:307-310.
Pediatrician self-efficacy for counseling parents of asthmatic children to quit smoking.
Pediatrics. 2004;113:78-81.
One-year uptake of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: a national survey of family physicians and pediatricians.
J Am Board Fam Pract. 2003;16:363-371.
Influence of insurance status and vaccine cost on physicians’ administration of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
Pediatrics. 2003;112:521-526.
Under scrutiny: smallpox vaccine recommendations.
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2003;4:1207-1214.
Variation in public and private supply of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine during a shortage.
JAMA. 2003;289:575-578.
The costs of childhood vaccine purchase in the public sector: past trends, future expectations.
Am J Public Health. 2002;92:1982-1987.
Combined effect of changes in guideline recommendations and immunization financing policy on nursery immunizations.
Ambul Pediatr. 2002;2:367-374.
A national survey of physician practices regarding influenza vaccine.
J Gen Intern Med. 2002;17:670-676.
Reimbursement for Prevnar: A modern-day version of Hercules and the Hydra.
Pediatrics. 2002;110:399-400.
Expected adverse events in a smallpox vaccination campaign for children and young adults.
Eff Clin Pract. 2002;5:84-90.
Physicians’ early challenges related to the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
Ambul Pediatr 2001;1:302-305.
Recent advances in pediatrics.
Br Med J. 2001;322:1469-1472.
Analogue-specific action in vitro of atrial natriuretic factor on human red blood cell Ca2+-ATPase activity.
Hypertension. 1988;12:428-433.
Editorials and Commentaries in Peer-Reviewed Journals
Introducing JAMA Pediatrics.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2012;166:663.
Preventing Low Birthweight: 25 years, prenatal risk, and the failure to reinvent prenatal care.
Amer Jour Obstet Gynecol. 2012;206:398-403.
Building a bridge to somewhere better: linking health care research and health policy.
Health Services Res. 2012:47:329-336.
A strategic approach to therapeutic cancer vaccines in the 21st century.
JAMA. 2011;305:2343-2344.
In search of equipoise.
JAMA. 2011;305:1234-1235.
The conundrum of combination vaccines.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2010;164:1171-1172.
Price as a double-edged sword in the golden era of vaccines.
Human Vaccines. 2010;6:689-693.
Medicaid, underinsurance, and the dawn of an era for children’s coverage.
Pediatrics. 2010;125:817-819.
Archives journal club just a click away.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009;163:957.
Old disease, innovative response: accelerating infant vaccination during a community pertussis outbreak.
JAMA. 2009;301:2260-2261.
Necessary innovations in immunization delivery.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2009;163:483-485.
Challenges in cost-effectiveness analyses of hospital interventions to improve quality.
Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2008;29:395-397.
Being specific about being special: definitions of childhood chronic conditions and children with special health care needs.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2007;161:1003-1005.
Reasons and remedies for underinsurance for childhood and adolescent vaccines.
JAMA. 2007;298:680-682.
Cardiac rehabilitation as a site for influenza vaccination?
J Cardiopulm Rehabil Prev. 2007;27:210-211.
Fatherhood as a component of men’s health.
JAMA. 2006;296:2365-2368.
Interpreting negative results from an underpowered clinical trial: warts and all.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006;160:1126-1129.
Varicella vaccine, cost-effectiveness analyses, and vaccination policy.
JAMA. 2005;294:845-846.
Planning the next wave of SCHIP research.
Pediatrics. 2005;115:492-494.
Can quality improvement reach into pockets of need for childhood immunizations?
Ambul Pediatr. 2004;4:224-225.
Race-based immunization recommendations and the potential to reduce racial disparities.
JAMA. 2004;291:2253-2255.
Valuing childhood vaccines.
J Pediatr. 2003;143:283-284.
Ethical considerations in the public policy laboratory.
JAMA. 2000;284:85-87.